gaemstone/src/gaemstone.Client/Modules/Renderer.cs

using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using gaemstone.ECS;
using Silk.NET.Maths;
using Silk.NET.OpenGL;
using static gaemstone.Client.CameraModule;
using static gaemstone.Client.Windowing;

namespace gaemstone.Client;

[Module]
[DependsOn(typeof(Windowing))]
public class Renderer
{
	private readonly uint _program;
	private readonly int _cameraMatrixUniform;
	private readonly int _modelMatrixUniform;

	public Renderer(Universe universe)
	{
		var GL = universe.Lookup<Game>().Get<Canvas>().GL;

		GL.Enable(EnableCap.DebugOutputSynchronous);
		GL.DebugMessageCallback(DebugCallback, 0);

		GL.Enable(EnableCap.CullFace);
		GL.CullFace(CullFaceMode.Back);

		GL.Enable(EnableCap.DepthTest);
		GL.DepthFunc(DepthFunction.Less);

		GL.Enable(EnableCap.Blend);
		GL.BlendFunc(BlendingFactor.SrcAlpha, BlendingFactor.OneMinusSrcAlpha);

		var vertexShaderSource   = Resources.GetString("default.vs.glsl");
		var fragmentShaderSource = Resources.GetString("default.fs.glsl");

		var vertexShader   = GL.CreateAndCompileShader(ShaderType.VertexShader  , "vertex"  , vertexShaderSource);
		var fragmentShader = GL.CreateAndCompileShader(ShaderType.FragmentShader, "fragment", fragmentShaderSource);

		_program = GL.CreateAndLinkProgram("program", vertexShader, fragmentShader);
		_cameraMatrixUniform = GL.GetUniformLocation(_program, "cameraMatrix");
		_modelMatrixUniform  = GL.GetUniformLocation(_program, "modelMatrix");
	}

	[System]
	public void Render(Universe universe, Canvas canvas)
	{
		var GL = canvas.GL;
		GL.UseProgram(_program);
		GL.Viewport(default, canvas.Size);
		GL.ClearColor(new Vector4D<float>(0, 0, 0, 255));
		GL.Clear(ClearBufferMask.ColorBufferBit | ClearBufferMask.DepthBufferBit);

		Filter.RunOnce(universe, (in GlobalTransform transform, in Camera camera, CameraViewport? viewport) => {
			var color  = viewport?.ClearColor ?? new(0x4B, 0x00, 0x82, 255);
			var bounds = viewport?.Viewport   ?? new(default, canvas.Size);

			GL.Enable(EnableCap.ScissorTest);
			GL.Viewport(bounds); GL.Scissor(bounds.Origin.X, bounds.Origin.Y, (uint)bounds.Size.X, (uint)bounds.Size.Y);
			GL.ClearColor(color); GL.Clear(ClearBufferMask.ColorBufferBit | ClearBufferMask.DepthBufferBit);
			GL.Disable(EnableCap.ScissorTest);

			// Get the camera's transform matrix and invert it.
			Matrix4X4.Invert<float>(transform, out var cameraTransform);

			// Create the camera's projection matrix.
			var cameraProjection = camera.IsOrthographic
				? Matrix4X4.CreateOrthographic(
					bounds.Size.X, -bounds.Size.Y,
					camera.NearPlane, camera.FarPlane)
				: Matrix4X4.CreatePerspectiveFieldOfView(
					camera.FieldOfView * MathF.PI / 180,  // Degrees => Radians
					(float)bounds.Size.X / bounds.Size.Y, // Aspect Ratio
					camera.NearPlane, camera.FarPlane);

			// Set the uniform to the combined transform and projection.
			var cameraMatrix = cameraTransform * cameraProjection;
			GL.UniformMatrix4(_cameraMatrixUniform, 1, false, in cameraMatrix.Row1.X);

			Filter.RunOnce(universe, (in GlobalTransform transform, in Mesh mesh, Texture? texture) =>
			{
				// If entity has Texture, bind it now.
				if (texture.HasValue) GL.BindTexture(texture.Value.Target, texture.Value.Handle);

				// Draw the mesh.
				GL.UniformMatrix4(_modelMatrixUniform, 1, false, in transform.Value.Row1.X);
				GL.BindVertexArray(mesh.Handle);
				if (!mesh.IsIndexed) GL.DrawArrays(PrimitiveType.Triangles, 0, (uint)mesh.Count);
				else unsafe { GL.DrawElements(PrimitiveType.Triangles, (uint)mesh.Count, DrawElementsType.UnsignedShort, null); }

				// If entity has Texture, unbind it after it has been rendered.
				if (texture.HasValue) GL.BindTexture(texture.Value.Target, 0);
			});
		});
	}

	[DebuggerStepThrough]
	private static void DebugCallback(GLEnum source, GLEnum _type, int id, GLEnum _severity,
	                                  int length, nint _message, nint userParam)
	{
		var type     = (DebugType)_type;
		var severity = (DebugSeverity)_severity;
		var message  = Marshal.PtrToStringAnsi(_message, length);
		Console.WriteLine($"[GLDebug] [{severity}] {type}/{id}: {message}");
		if (type == DebugType.DebugTypeError) throw new Exception(message);
	}
}