const std = @import("std");

const c = @import("./c.zig");
const err = @import("./error.zig");
const util = @import("./util.zig");

const Id = @import("./id.zig").Id;
const Lookup = @import("./main.zig").Lookup;
const World = @import("./world.zig").World;

pub const EntityError = error{
    /// Id is `0`.
    IsNone,
    /// Id is not valid.
    IsInvalid,
    /// Id is not an `Entity`.
    IsNotEntity,
    /// Generation doesn't match.
    GenMismatch,
    /// Entity is not alive.
    IsNotAlive,
};

pub const EntityConfig = struct {
    name: ?[:0]const u8 = null,
    symbol: ?[:0]const u8 = null,
    use_low_id: bool = false,
};

/// An `Entity` is an `Id` which represents a "thing" within the world. This
/// could be a traditional game object, but is also able to represent other
/// concepts such as component types, relationship types, systems, modules,
/// resources, and anything else you can make fit.
///
/// Each `Entity` can have a number of `Id`s added to it, which could be
/// components (such as `Position`), zero-size tags (such as `Disabled`) or
/// relationship `Pair`s (such as `.{ ChildOf, parent }`).
///
/// Entities can be created using `World.new()` and deleted with `delete()`.
/// When an entity is deleted it is no longer considered "alive". A world can
/// contain up to 4 billion alive entities.
///
/// An `Id` can be converted to an `Entity` using `Id.asEntity()` (fails if
/// the id isn't an entity), and back again with `asId()` (always succeeds).
pub fn Entity(comptime ctx: anytype) type {
    return struct {
        world: *World(ctx),
        raw: c.ecs_entity_t,

        const Self = @This();

        /// Returns an `Entity` for the specified world and raw entity id.
        ///
        /// No safety checks are done, so if you pass an invalid id, an
        /// invalid `Entity` might be returned that could cause panics if
        /// passed to other API functions without ensuring their validity.
        pub fn fromRaw(world: *World(ctx), raw: c.ecs_entity_t) Self {
            return .{ .world = world, .raw = raw };
        }

        /// Creates a new `Entity` in the specified world.
        /// May return an existing entity if one with the given name exists.
        /// May return an error if the entity creation failed.
        ///
        /// The `config` argument may be used to specify the `name` and
        /// `symbol` used to create the entity with. If an entity with the
        /// given name already exists, that one is modified instead.
        /// Does not take ownership of any of the provided values.
        ///
        /// The `add` argument is a tuple that specifies the `Id`s the entity
        /// is created with initially. For example:
        /// `.{ Position, Velocity, .{ ChildOf, parent } }`
        ///
        /// When you add components, they are default-initialized. To set
        /// their values you'll need to use one of the setter functions on the
        /// `Entity` returned from this function.
        pub fn new(world: *World(ctx), config: EntityConfig, add: anytype) !Self {
            var desc = std.mem.zeroes(c.ecs_entity_desc_t);
            desc.name = if (config.name) |n| n.ptr else null;
            desc.symbol = if (config.symbol) |s| s.ptr else null;
            desc.use_low_id = config.use_low_id;

            const meta = @typeInfo(@TypeOf(add));
            if (meta != .Struct or (meta.Struct.is_tuple == false and meta.Struct.fields.len > 0))
                @compileError("Expected tuple or empty struct, got '" ++ @typeName(@TypeOf(add)) ++ "'");
            if (meta.Struct.fields.len > c.FLECS_ID_DESC_MAX)
                @compileError("Adding more than FLECS_ID_DESC_MAX ids");
            inline for (add, 0..) |a, i|
                desc.add[i] = util.anyToId(ctx, a);

            const result = c.ecs_entity_init(world.raw, &desc);
            if (result == 0) return err.getLastErrorOrUnknown();
            return Self.fromRaw(world, result);
        }

        /// Ensures this `Entity` is valid, returning an error otherwise.
        /// Invalid entities may cause panics when used with API functions.
        ///
        /// An `Entity` is valid if ..
        /// - .. it is not `0`.
        /// - .. it does not have dead bits set.
        /// - .. it does not have any `Id` flags set.
        /// - .. no entity with this id is alive, but this entity's generation is `0`.
        /// - .. an entity with this exact id and generation is alive in the world.
        pub fn ensureValid(self: Self) !void {
            // `0` is not a valid entity id.
            if (self.raw == 0) return EntityError.IsNone;
            // Entity ids should not contain data in dead zone bits.
            const VALID_BITS_MASK: c.ecs_entity_t = 0xFF00FFFFFFFFFFFF;
            if ((self.raw & ~VALID_BITS_MASK) != 0) return EntityError.IsInvalid;
            // Entity ids should not contain `Id` flag bits.
            if ((self.raw & c.ECS_ID_FLAGS_MASK) != 0) return EntityError.IsNotEntity;

            // Get the currently alive entity entity with the same id.
            // If entity is alive, the generation has to match.
            // If entity is not alive, the generation has to be `0`.
            const entity = c.ecs_get_alive(self.world.raw, self.raw);
            if (c.ECS_GENERATION(entity) != c.ECS_GENERATION(self.raw))
                return EntityError.GenMismatch;
        }

        /// Ensures this `Entity` is alive in this world, returning an error if not.
        pub fn ensureAlive(self: Self) !void {
            if (!c.ecs_is_alive(self.world.raw, self.raw)) return EntityError.IsNotAlive;
        }

        pub fn asId(self: Self) Id(ctx) {
            return @bitCast(self);
        }

        pub fn getEntityId(self: Self) u32 {
            return @intCast(self.raw & c.ECS_ENTITY_MASK);
        }

        pub fn getGeneration(self: Self) u16 {
            return @intCast(c.ECS_GENERATION(self.raw));
        }

        /// Deletes this `Entity` and all of its components.
        pub fn delete(self: Self) void {
            c.ecs_delete(self.world.raw, self.raw);
        }

        pub fn get(self: Self, comptime T: type) ?*const T {
            const id = Lookup(ctx, T).id;
            return @alignCast(@ptrCast(c.ecs_get_id(self.world.raw, self.raw, id)));
        }

        pub fn set(self: Self, comptime T: type, value: T) void {
            const id = Lookup(ctx, T).id;
            _ = c.ecs_set_id(self.world.raw, self.raw, id, @sizeOf(T), &value);
        }
    };
}