SlimeDream/terrain/Terrain.cs

public partial class Terrain
	: StaticBody3D
{
	[Export] public Vector2I Size { get; set; } = new(64, 64);
	[Export] public float TileSize { get; set; } = 2.0f;

	[Export] public Godot.Collections.Array<Texture2D> Textures { get; set; }

	// If value at position non-existant => [ 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
	// If value at position is float     => [ v, v, v, v ]
	// If value at position is float[]   => value
	[Export] public Godot.Collections.Dictionary<Vector2I, Variant> Tiles { get; set; }


	Material _editToolMaterial;
	Material _terrainMaterial;
	public override void _Ready()
	{
		_editToolMaterial = new StandardMaterial3D {
			VertexColorUseAsAlbedo = true,
			ShadingMode   = BaseMaterial3D.ShadingModeEnum.Unshaded,
			DepthDrawMode = BaseMaterial3D.DepthDrawModeEnum.Disabled,
			NoDepthTest   = true,
		};

		_terrainMaterial = new StandardMaterial3D {
			AlbedoTexture = Textures?.FirstOrDefault(),
		};

		UpdateMeshAndShape();
	}


	/// <summary> Returns if this terrain grid contains the specified tile position. </summary>
	public bool ContainsTilePos(Vector2I tilePos)
		=> (tilePos.X >= 0) && (tilePos.X < Size.X)
		&& (tilePos.Y >= 0) && (tilePos.Y < Size.Y);

	/// <summary> Transforms a 3D position local to the equivalent tile position. </summary>
	public Vector2I ToTilePos(Vector3 localPos)
		=> new(RoundToInt(localPos.X / TileSize + Size.X / 2.0f),
		       RoundToInt(localPos.Z / TileSize + Size.Y / 2.0f));

	public float GetCornerHeight(Vector2I tilePos, Corner corner)
		=> GetTileRaw(tilePos) switch {
			{ VariantType: Variant.Type.Nil } => 0,
			{ VariantType: Variant.Type.Float } num => (float)num,
			{ VariantType: Variant.Type.PackedFloat32Array } nums => ((float[])nums)[(int)corner],
			_ => throw new Exception("Invalid type in Points dictionary"),
		};

	public void SetCornerHeight(Vector2I tilePos, Corner corner, float value)
	{
		if (!ContainsTilePos(tilePos)) return;
		var existing = GetTileRaw(tilePos) switch {
			{ VariantType: Variant.Type.Nil } => [ 0, 0, 0, 0 ],
			{ VariantType: Variant.Type.Float } num => [ (float)num, (float)num, (float)num, (float)num ],
			{ VariantType: Variant.Type.PackedFloat32Array } nums => (float[])nums,
			_ => throw new Exception("Invalid type in Points dictionary"),
		};
		existing[(int)corner] = value;
		if (existing.All(IsZeroApprox))
			Tiles?.Remove(tilePos);
		if (IsEqualApprox(existing[0], existing[1])
		 && IsEqualApprox(existing[0], existing[2])
		 && IsEqualApprox(existing[0], existing[3]))
			SetTileRaw(tilePos, existing[0]);
		else
			SetTileRaw(tilePos, existing);
	}

	public void SetTileHeight(Vector2I tilePos, float value)
	{
		if (!ContainsTilePos(tilePos)) return;
		if (IsZeroApprox(value)) Tiles?.Remove(tilePos);
		else                     SetTileRaw(tilePos, value);
	}

	public void AdjustTileHeight(Vector2I tilePos, float relative)
	{
		if (relative == 0) return;
		if (!ContainsTilePos(tilePos)) return;
		switch (GetTileRaw(tilePos)) {
			case { VariantType: Variant.Type.Nil }:
				SetTileRaw(tilePos, relative);
				break;
			case { VariantType: Variant.Type.Float } num:
				var newNum = (float)num + relative;
				if (IsZeroApprox(newNum)) Tiles?.Remove(tilePos);
				else                      SetTileRaw(tilePos, newNum);
				break;
			case { VariantType: Variant.Type.PackedFloat32Array } nums:
				var newNums = (float[])nums;
				for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) newNums[i] += relative;
				SetTileRaw(tilePos, newNums);
				break;
			default: throw new Exception("Invalid type in Points dictionary");
		};
	}

	public GridCorners GetGridCorners(Vector2I tilePos)
	{
		var halfSize = TileSize / 2;
		var vx = (tilePos.X - Size.X / 2.0f) * TileSize;
		var vz = (tilePos.Y - Size.Y / 2.0f) * TileSize;

		return new() {
			TopLeft     = new(vx - halfSize, GetCornerHeight(tilePos, Corner.TopLeft    ), vz - halfSize),
			TopRight    = new(vx + halfSize, GetCornerHeight(tilePos, Corner.TopRight   ), vz - halfSize),
			BottomLeft  = new(vx - halfSize, GetCornerHeight(tilePos, Corner.BottomLeft ), vz + halfSize),
			BottomRight = new(vx + halfSize, GetCornerHeight(tilePos, Corner.BottomRight), vz + halfSize),
		};
	}

	Variant GetTileRaw(Vector2I tilePos)
		=> (Tiles?.TryGetValue(tilePos, out var result) == true) ? result : default;

	void SetTileRaw(Vector2I tilePos, Variant value)
		=> (Tiles ??= [])[tilePos] = value;


	void UpdateMeshAndShape()
	{
		var mesh  = GetOrCreateMesh("MeshInstance");
		var shape = GetOrCreateShape("CollisionShape");

		mesh.ClearSurfaces();
		mesh.SurfaceBegin(Mesh.PrimitiveType.Triangles);
		var points = new List<Vector3>();

		void AddPoint(Vector3 pos, Vector2 uv) {
			mesh.SurfaceSetUV(uv);
			mesh.SurfaceAddVertex(pos);
			points.Add(pos);
		}

		void AddTriangle(Vector3 v1, Vector2 uv1,
		                 Vector3 v2, Vector2 uv2,
		                 Vector3 v3, Vector2 uv3) {
			var dir = (v3 - v1).Cross(v2 - v1);
			mesh.SurfaceSetNormal(dir.Normalized());
			AddPoint(v1, uv1);
			AddPoint(v2, uv2);
			AddPoint(v3, uv3);
		}

		for (var x = 0; x < Size.X; x++) {
			for (var z = 0; z < Size.Y; z++) {
				var corners = GetGridCorners(new(x, z));
				AddTriangle(corners.TopLeft    , new(0.0f, 0.0f),
				            corners.TopRight   , new(1.0f, 0.0f),
				            corners.BottomLeft , new(0.0f, 1.0f));
				AddTriangle(corners.TopRight   , new(1.0f, 0.0f),
				            corners.BottomRight, new(1.0f, 1.0f),
				            corners.BottomLeft , new(0.0f, 1.0f));
			}
		}

		mesh.SurfaceEnd();
		mesh.SurfaceSetMaterial(0, _terrainMaterial);

		shape.Data = [.. points];
	}


	ImmediateMesh GetOrCreateMesh(string name)
	{
		var meshInstance = (MeshInstance3D)GetNodeOrNull(name);
		if (meshInstance == null) {
			meshInstance = new() { Name = name, Mesh = new ImmediateMesh() };
			AddChild(meshInstance);
			meshInstance.Owner = this;
		}
		return (ImmediateMesh)meshInstance.Mesh;
	}

	ConcavePolygonShape3D GetOrCreateShape(string name)
	{
		var collisionShape = (CollisionShape3D)GetNodeOrNull(name);
		if (collisionShape == null) {
			collisionShape = new() { Name = name, Shape = new ConcavePolygonShape3D() };
			AddChild(collisionShape);
			collisionShape.Owner = this;
		}
		return (ConcavePolygonShape3D)collisionShape.Shape;
	}


	public enum Corner
	{
		TopLeft,
		TopRight,
		BottomLeft,
		BottomRight,
	}

	public readonly struct GridCorners
	{
		public Vector3 TopLeft     { get; init; }
		public Vector3 TopRight    { get; init; }
		public Vector3 BottomLeft  { get; init; }
		public Vector3 BottomRight { get; init; }
	}
}